Ring Magazine Scandal - Revision history

Earl at 06:23, 1 March 2013

2013-03-01T06:23:34Z

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	==External Links==		==External Links==
	[http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1092354/index.htm "Some Very Wrong Numbers" by Robert H Boyle ''Sports Illustrated'' May 2, 1977]~~<br>~~		*[http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1092354/index.htm "Some Very Wrong Numbers" by Robert H Boyle ''Sports Illustrated'' May 2, 1977]
	[http://books.google.com/books?id=zQeJ5T9cGoAC&pg=PA213&lpg=PA213&dq=nat+loubet+king+tournament+records&source=bl&ots=NP0eWhQDai&sig=tZk4S3x63TZVm-JopXzdkruNffY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=WQ0wUaCAOMuQ0QHcq4DYCg&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=nat%20loubet%20king%20tournament%20records&f=false ''Bad Intentions: The Mike Tyson Story'' by Peter Heller 1989]		*[http://books.google.com/books?id=zQeJ5T9cGoAC&pg=PA213&lpg=PA213&dq=nat+loubet+king+tournament+records&source=bl&ots=NP0eWhQDai&sig=tZk4S3x63TZVm-JopXzdkruNffY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=WQ0wUaCAOMuQ0QHcq4DYCg&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=nat%20loubet%20king%20tournament%20records&f=false ''Bad Intentions: The Mike Tyson Story'' by Peter Heller 1989]
			*[http://sports.yahoo.com/box/news?slug=ycn-8184415 "Boxing’s 10 Dirtiest Scandals" by Paul Magno ''Yahoo!Sports'']

Earl at 06:15, 1 March 2013

2013-03-01T06:15:13Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:15, 1 March 2013
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	In 1976 ''[[The Ring Magazine\|The Ring]]'' ~~magazine fabricated records~~ of ~~selected~~ boxers, ~~to elevate them, thereby securing them lucrative fights on~~ the ~~American ABC television network, as part of the United States Championship Tournament~~.		Promoter [[Don King]] went to ABC Sports in 1976 and sold the network on a tournament, the United States Boxing Championships. King intended to capitalize on the patriotism surrounding the United States Bicentennial and the American amateur success at the 1976 Montreal [[:Category:Olympic Games\|Olympic Games]]. The tournament would begin in January 1977 and would crown U.S. champions in eight weight divisions. ABC agreed to finance the tournament with an investment $1.5 million and committed 23 hours of national broadcast time to televise it over six months. ''[[The Ring Magazine\|The Ring]]'' was paid a fee of $70,000 in exchange for providing special ratings of just U.S. boxers, from which the tournament participants would be selected.

	~~The United States Championship Tournament~~ was a ~~promotional effort by promoter~~ [[~~Don King~~]] ~~to capitalize on~~ the ~~patriotism surrounding~~ the ~~United States Bicentennial~~ and the ~~American amateur success~~ at the ~~1976 Montreal~~ [[~~:Category:Olympic Games\|Olympic Games~~]]~~. King's "hope" was~~ to ~~defeat the non-American boxers who held~~ the ~~vast majority~~ of ~~world titles below~~ the ~~Heavyweight division~~. ~~Keeping~~ in line with the patriotic theme of the promotion, King held shows at "patriotic" locales--such as the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, as well as on an aircraft carrier stationed off Pensacola, Florida.		It was later established that as a precondition, any boxer invited to participate had to sign a contract giving King an option on three fights should he win the tournament. It was also established that King paid [[John Ort]], the editor at ''The Ring'' in charge of the ratings, $5,000 in cash. Subsequently, Ort would falsify records and inflate the rankings of at least eleven fighters in order for them to gain entry into the tournament. The 1977 [[Ring Record Book]] contained the fictitious additions to the records of the boxers in question and were never changed. The dubious bouts would continue to appear in subsequent Ring Record Book editions.

	~~Despite the above, the 1977 [[Ring Record Book]] contained the fictitious additions~~ to ~~the records~~ of ~~the boxers in question, and were never taken out of their records~~ of ~~the boxers. Those dubious bouts would continue to appear in subsequent Ring Record Book editions~~.		There were also charges that fighters had to pay kickbacks to get into King's tournament. The manager of one participant alleged that he was forced to kickback 40% of his boxer's purse.

	~~This~~ '~~'Ring Record'' Magazine scandal~~ was ~~uncovered by~~ boxing ~~writer~~ [[Flash Gordon]] and ABC ~~staffer~~ [[Alex Wallau]]~~. After Gordon~~ and ~~Wallau's evidence was presented~~ to ABC ~~executives~~ the ~~United States Championship~~ tournament was ~~cancelled~~.		Eight middleweights were invited to participate, but they didn't include [[Marvin Hagler]]. However, three boxers Hagler had defeated were invited to take part. Hagler later charged that he was blacklisted because he refused a demand to hire King associates [[Paddy Flood]] and [[Al Braverman]] as his managers. Flood and Braverman were also paid $20,000 each to help administer the tournament and act as consultants.

			King picked some unusual locations for some of the fights, including a U.S. aircraft carrier anchored in the waters off Florida, the U.S. Naval Academy campus, and a prison, the Marion Correctional Institution. Not only were the locations unusual, but, coincidentally, they were outside the jurisdiction of state boxing commissions.

			Underground boxing scribe [[Flash Gordon\|Malcolm "Flash" Gordon]] and ABC associate producer [[Alex Wallau]] uncovered the shady dealings and encouraged the network to cancel the entire deal. ABC terminated the tournament on April 10, 1977.

			''The Ring'' would clean house after the scandal, but no one associated with the fraudulent tournament was ever prosecuted. As a result of ''The Ring's'' loss of credibility, the television networks had no choice but to rely on the ratings of the [[WBA]] and [[WBC]], thus increasing the power and influence of the sanctioning bodies.

	== Boxers involved ==		== Boxers involved ==
	~~Boxers~~ who participated in the tournament and given inflated records were:		Some of the boxers who participated in the tournament and were given inflated records were:
	*[[Donald (Biff) Cline]] - given five first round knockouts in 1976		*[[Donald (Biff) Cline]] - given five first-round knockouts in 1976
	*[[Mike Colbert]] - given three wins in 1976		*[[Mike Colbert]] - given three wins in 1976
			*[[Paddy Dolan]] - given four wins in 1975
	*[[Ike Fluellen]] - given two wins in Mexico in 1976		*[[Ike Fluellen]] - given two wins in Mexico in 1976
	*[[Anthony House]]		*[[Anthony House]] - given seven wins in 1975 and 1976
	*[[Hilbert Stevenson]] - given five wins, and a draw with House in 1976		*[[Hilbert Stevenson]] - given five wins and a draw with House in 1976
			*Four other boxers in the tournament—[[Greg Coverson]], [[Vonzell Johnson]], [[Floyd Mayweather]] and [[Richard Rozelle]]—were credited with a total of 11 fake wins in 1975 and 1976

			==External Links==
			[http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1092354/index.htm "Some Very Wrong Numbers" by Robert H Boyle ''Sports Illustrated'' May 2, 1977]<br>
			[http://books.google.com/books?id=zQeJ5T9cGoAC&pg=PA213&lpg=PA213&dq=nat+loubet+king+tournament+records&source=bl&ots=NP0eWhQDai&sig=tZk4S3x63TZVm-JopXzdkruNffY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=WQ0wUaCAOMuQ0QHcq4DYCg&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=nat%20loubet%20king%20tournament%20records&f=false ''Bad Intentions: The Mike Tyson Story'' by Peter Heller 1989]

Matt at 22:31, 11 February 2008

2008-02-11T22:31:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:31, 11 February 2008
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	*[[Donald (Biff) Cline]] - given five first round knockouts in 1976		*[[Donald (Biff) Cline]] - given five first round knockouts in 1976
	*[[Mike Colbert]] - given three wins in 1976		*[[Mike Colbert]] - given three wins in 1976
			*[[Ike Fluellen]] - given two wins in Mexico in 1976
	*[[Anthony House]]		*[[Anthony House]]
	*[[Hilbert Stevenson]] - given five wins, and a draw with House in 1976		*[[Hilbert Stevenson]] - given five wins, and a draw with House in 1976

Rowdytimothy at 01:13, 1 December 2007

2007-12-01T01:13:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:13, 1 December 2007
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	In 1976 ''[[The Ring]]'' magazine fabricated records of selected boxers, to elevate them, thereby securing them lucrative fights on the American ABC television network, as part of the United States Championship Tournament.		In 1976 ''[[The Ring Magazine\|The Ring]]'' magazine fabricated records of selected boxers, to elevate them, thereby securing them lucrative fights on the American ABC television network, as part of the United States Championship Tournament.

	The United States Championship Tournament was a promotional effort by promoter [[Don King]] to capitalize on the patriotism surrounding the United States Bicentennial and the American amateur success at the 1976 Montreal [[:Category:Olympic Games\|Olympic Games]]. King's "hope" was to defeat the non-American boxers who held the vast majority of world titles below the Heavyweight division. Keeping in line with the patriotic theme of the promotion, King held shows at "patriotic" locales--such as the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, as well as on an aircraft carrier stationed off Pensacola, Florida.		The United States Championship Tournament was a promotional effort by promoter [[Don King]] to capitalize on the patriotism surrounding the United States Bicentennial and the American amateur success at the 1976 Montreal [[:Category:Olympic Games\|Olympic Games]]. King's "hope" was to defeat the non-American boxers who held the vast majority of world titles below the Heavyweight division. Keeping in line with the patriotic theme of the promotion, King held shows at "patriotic" locales--such as the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, as well as on an aircraft carrier stationed off Pensacola, Florida.

Ric at 02:41, 9 October 2007

2007-10-09T02:41:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:41, 9 October 2007
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	In 1976 ~~the~~ [[Ring ~~Magazine~~]] fabricated records of selected boxers, to elevate them, thereby securing them lucrative fights on the American ABC television network, as part of the United States Championship Tournament.		In 1976 ''[[The Ring]]'' magazine fabricated records of selected boxers, to elevate them, thereby securing them lucrative fights on the American ABC television network, as part of the United States Championship Tournament.

	The United States Championship Tournament was a promotional effort by promoter [[Don King]] to capitalize on the patriotism surrounding the United States Bicentennial and the American amateur success at the 1976 Montreal [[:Category:Olympic Games\|Olympic Games]]. King's "hope" was to defeat the non-American boxers who held the vast majority of world titles below the Heavyweight division. Keeping in line with the patriotic theme of the promotion, King held shows at "patriotic" locales--such as the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, as well as on an aircraft carrier stationed off Pensacola, Florida.		The United States Championship Tournament was a promotional effort by promoter [[Don King]] to capitalize on the patriotism surrounding the United States Bicentennial and the American amateur success at the 1976 Montreal [[:Category:Olympic Games\|Olympic Games]]. King's "hope" was to defeat the non-American boxers who held the vast majority of world titles below the Heavyweight division. Keeping in line with the patriotic theme of the promotion, King held shows at "patriotic" locales--such as the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, as well as on an aircraft carrier stationed off Pensacola, Florida.

Ric at 17:17, 20 May 2006

2006-05-20T17:17:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:17, 20 May 2006
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	*[[Mike Colbert]] - given three wins in 1976		*[[Mike Colbert]] - given three wins in 1976
	*[[Anthony House]]		*[[Anthony House]]
	*[[Hilbert Stevenson]] - given five wins, and a draw with ~~[[Anthony~~ House]] in 1976		*[[Hilbert Stevenson]] - given five wins, and a draw with House in 1976

Ric: tweaked

2006-02-13T01:37:26Z

tweaked

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:37, 13 February 2006
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	In 1976 the [[Ring Magazine]] fabricated records to elevate ~~the ratings of certain boxers~~, thereby securing them lucrative fights on the ABC television network, as part of the United States Championship Tournament.		In 1976 the [[Ring Magazine]] fabricated records of selected boxers, to elevate them, thereby securing them lucrative fights on the American ABC television network, as part of the United States Championship Tournament.

	The United States Championship Tournament was a promotional effort by [[Don King]] to capitalize on the patriotism surrounding the United States Bicentennial and the American amateur success at the 1976 Montreal [[:Category:Olympic Games\|Olympic Games]]. King ~~hoped~~ to ~~develop popular American boxing talent that could challenge and possibly~~ defeat the non-American boxers who held the vast majority of world titles below the Heavyweight division.		The United States Championship Tournament was a promotional effort by promoter [[Don King]] to capitalize on the patriotism surrounding the United States Bicentennial and the American amateur success at the 1976 Montreal [[:Category:Olympic Games\|Olympic Games]]. King's "hope" was to defeat the non-American boxers who held the vast majority of world titles below the Heavyweight division. Keeping in line with the patriotic theme of the promotion, King held shows at "patriotic" locales--such as the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, as well as on an aircraft carrier stationed off Pensacola, Florida.

	~~Keeping in line with~~ the ~~patriotic theme~~ of the ~~promotion~~, ~~King held shows at "patriotic" locales, such as~~ the ~~United States Naval Academy~~ in ~~Annapolis, Maryland, as well as on an aircraft carrier stationed in the waters off Pensacola, Florida~~.		Despite the above, the 1977 [[Ring Record Book]] contained the fictitious additions to the records of the boxers in question, and were never taken out of their records of the boxers. Those dubious bouts would continue to appear in subsequent Ring Record Book editions.

	~~The 1977 [[~~Ring Record ~~Book]] contained the fictitious additions to the records of the boxers in question, and were never taken out of the records of the boxers, and would appear in subsequent editions, until the boxers~~' ~~careers ended.~~		This ''Ring Record'' Magazine scandal was uncovered by boxing writer [[Flash Gordon]] and ABC staffer [[Alex Wallau]]. After Gordon and Wallau's evidence was presented to ABC executives the United States Championship tournament was cancelled.

	~~The~~ scandal was uncovered by boxing writer [[Flash Gordon]] and ABC staffer [[Alex Wallau]]. After Gordon and Wallau's evidence was presented to ABC executives the United States Championship tournament was cancelled.

	== Boxers involved ==		== Boxers involved ==

Ric: fixed Oly Games link

2006-02-10T20:35:32Z

fixed Oly Games link

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:35, 10 February 2006
Line 1:		Line 1:
	In 1976 the [[Ring Magazine]] fabricated records to elevate the ratings of certain boxers, thereby securing them lucrative fights on the ABC television network, as part of the United States Championship Tournament.		In 1976 the [[Ring Magazine]] fabricated records to elevate the ratings of certain boxers, thereby securing them lucrative fights on the ABC television network, as part of the United States Championship Tournament.

	The United States Championship Tournament was a promotional effort by [[Don King]] to capitalize on the patriotism surrounding the United States Bicentennial and the American amateur success at the 1976 Montreal [[Olympic Games]]. King hoped to develop popular American boxing talent that could challenge and possibly defeat the non-American boxers who held the vast majority of world titles below the Heavyweight division.		The United States Championship Tournament was a promotional effort by [[Don King]] to capitalize on the patriotism surrounding the United States Bicentennial and the American amateur success at the 1976 Montreal [[:Category:Olympic Games\|Olympic Games]]. King hoped to develop popular American boxing talent that could challenge and possibly defeat the non-American boxers who held the vast majority of world titles below the Heavyweight division.

	Keeping in line with the patriotic theme of the promotion, King held shows at "patriotic" locales, such as the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, as well as on an aircraft carrier stationed in the waters off Pensacola, Florida.		Keeping in line with the patriotic theme of the promotion, King held shows at "patriotic" locales, such as the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, as well as on an aircraft carrier stationed in the waters off Pensacola, Florida.

Ric at 17:14, 10 February 2006

2006-02-10T17:14:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:14, 10 February 2006
Line 1:		Line 1:
	In 1976 the [[Ring Magazine]] fabricated records to elevate the ratings of certain boxers ~~and~~ thereby securing them lucrative fights on the ABC television network, as part of the United States Championship Tournament.		In 1976 the [[Ring Magazine]] fabricated records to elevate the ratings of certain boxers, thereby securing them lucrative fights on the ABC television network, as part of the United States Championship Tournament.

	The United States Championship Tournament was a promotional effort by [[Don King]], to capitalize on the patriotism surrounding the United States ~~bicentennial,~~ and the American amateur success at the 1976 Montreal Olympic Games. King hoped to develop popular American boxing talent~~, which~~ could ~~hopefully~~ challenge and possibly defeat the non-American boxers who held the vast majority of world titles below the Heavyweight division.		The United States Championship Tournament was a promotional effort by [[Don King]] to capitalize on the patriotism surrounding the United States Bicentennial and the American amateur success at the 1976 Montreal [[Olympic Games]]. King hoped to develop popular American boxing talent that could challenge and possibly defeat the non-American boxers who held the vast majority of world titles below the Heavyweight division.

	Keeping in line with the patriotic theme of the promotion, King held shows at "patriotic" locales, such as the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, as well as on a carrier stationed in the waters of Pensacola, Florida.		Keeping in line with the patriotic theme of the promotion, King held shows at "patriotic" locales, such as the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, as well as on an aircraft carrier stationed in the waters off Pensacola, Florida.

	The 1977 [[Ring Record Book]] contained the fictitious additions to the records of the boxers in question, and were never taken out of the records of the boxers, and would appear in subsequent ~~additions~~, until the ~~boxer~~'s careers ended.		The 1977 [[Ring Record Book]] contained the fictitious additions to the records of the boxers in question, and were never taken out of the records of the boxers, and would appear in subsequent editions, until the boxers' careers ended.

	The scandal was uncovered by boxing writer [[Flash Gordon]] and ABC staffer [[Alex Wallau]]. After Gordon and Wallau's evidence was presented to ABC executives the United States ~~Champoinship~~ tournament was cancelled.		The scandal was uncovered by boxing writer [[Flash Gordon]] and ABC staffer [[Alex Wallau]]. After Gordon and Wallau's evidence was presented to ABC executives the United States Championship tournament was cancelled.

	== Boxers involved ==		== Boxers involved ==
	Boxers who participated in the tournament, and ~~whom were~~ given inflated records were:		Boxers who participated in the tournament and given inflated records were:
	*[[Donald (Biff) Cline]] - given five first round knockouts in 1976		*[[Donald (Biff) Cline]] - given five first round knockouts in 1976
	*[[Mike Colbert]] - given three wins in 1976		*[[Mike Colbert]] - given three wins in 1976
	*[[Anthony House]]		*[[Anthony House]]
	*[[Hilbert Stevenson]] - given five wins, and a draw with [[Anthony House]] in 1976		*[[Hilbert Stevenson]] - given five wins, and a draw with [[Anthony House]] in 1976

Matt: expanded

2006-02-10T16:14:20Z

expanded

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:14, 10 February 2006
Line 1:		Line 1:
	In 1976 the [[Ring Magazine]] fabricated records to elevate the ratings of certain boxers and thereby securing them lucrative fights on the ABC television network.		In 1976 the [[Ring Magazine]] fabricated records to elevate the ratings of certain boxers and thereby securing them lucrative fights on the ABC television network, as part of the United States Championship Tournament.

	The ~~1977~~ [[~~Ring Record Book~~]] ~~contains five fictitious 1st round knockouts for [[Donald (Biff) Cline]] that were added~~ to ~~his~~ 1976 ~~record:~~-		The United States Championship Tournament was a promotional effort by [[Don King]], to capitalize on the patriotism surrounding the United States bicentennial, and the American amateur success at the 1976 Montreal Olympic Games. King hoped to develop popular American boxing talent, which could hopefully challenge and possibly defeat the non-American boxers who held the vast majority of world titles below the Heavyweight division.

	~~Mar 27 Billy Howard~~, ~~Owing Mills~~, ~~MD KO 1~~		Keeping in line with the patriotic theme of the promotion, King held shows at "patriotic" locales, such as the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, as well as on a carrier stationed in the waters of Pensacola, Florida.
	~~Apr 5~~, ~~Al Byrd~~, ~~Landover~~, ~~MD KO 1~~
	~~Apr 12 Jimmy Monroe, Winston-Salem, NC~~
	~~Apr 30 Jimmy Davis, Landover, MD~~
	~~Aug 20 Ace Williams, Winston-Salem, NC~~

	~~These fictitious bouts, supplied by his manager~~ [[~~Paddy Dolan~~]], and ~~recorded by Ring Magazine's [[Johnny Ort]]~~, ~~secured an ABC televised bout for Cline~~ in ~~the United States Championship tournament promoted by [[Don King]]~~, ~~where Cline was defeated by a 4th round TKO to [[Ray Elson]] at~~ the ~~United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland~~.		The 1977 [[Ring Record Book]] contained the fictitious additions to the records of the boxers in question, and were never taken out of the records of the boxers, and would appear in subsequent additions, until the boxer's careers ended.

	The ~~record of~~ [[Hilbert Stevenson]] ~~was also inflated with~~ five ~~fictitious~~ wins and a ~~phony "~~draw" with [[Anthony House]].		The scandal was uncovered by boxing writer [[Flash Gordon]] and ABC staffer [[Alex Wallau]]. After Gordon and Wallau's evidence was presented to ABC executives the United States Champoinship tournament was cancelled.

			== Boxers involved ==
			Boxers who participated in the tournament, and whom were given inflated records were:
			*[[Donald (Biff) Cline]] - given five first round knockouts in 1976
			*[[Mike Colbert]] - given three wins in 1976
			*[[Anthony House]]
			*[[Hilbert Stevenson]] - given five wins, and a draw with [[Anthony House]] in 1976